Mechanical Calculations: pressure

Sunday, August 9, 2009

ELLIPSOIDAL HEAD THICKNESS CALCULATION ( PREVEDAS)

Last week I was posting about calculation of shell thickness in pressure vessel, now I sharing ellipsoidal head thickness calculation base on ASME VIII div 1.

The required thickness of a dished head of semi ellipsoidal form, in which half the, minor axis (inside depth of the head minus the skirt) equals one-fourth of the inside diameter of the head skirt, shall be determined by

Where;

t = minimum required thickness of head after forming, in. (mm)
P = internal design pressure (see UG-21), psi (kPa)
D = inside diameter of the head skirt; or inside length of the major axis of an ellipsoidal head; or inside diameter of a conical head at the point under consideration, measured perpendicular to the longitudinal axis, in. (mm)
S = maximum allowable stress value in tension as given in the tables referenced in UG-23, psi (kPa)
E = lowest efficiency of any joint in the head; for hemispherical heads this includes head-to-shell joint; for welded vessels, use the efficiency specified in UW-12

Same as previously, I also make the computer program (software) to make easier for us in conducting calculation. Please see picture bellow.

This program also can show and print the report of calculation, please see sample report bellow.

Please download sample program in http://www.ziddu.com/download/6044170/EllipHeadCalc.rar.html

Wednesday, July 29, 2009

SHELL THICKNESS CALCULATION

This calculation base on ASME section VIII Div.1

UG-27 THICKNESS OF SHELLS UNDER INTERNAL PRESSURE

(a) The thickness of shells under internal pressure shall be not less than that computed by the following
formulas. In addition, provision shall be made for any of the other loadings listed in UG-22, when such
loadings are expected. (See UG-16.)

(b) The symbols defined below are used in the formulas of this paragraph.
t = minimum required thickness of shell, in.
P = internal design pressure (see UG-21), psi
R = inside radius of the shell course under consideration in.
S = maximum allowable stress value, psi
E = joint efficiency for, or the efficiency of, appropriate joint in cylindrical or spherical shells, or
the efficiency of ligaments between openings, whichever is less.
For welded vessels, use the efficiency specified in UW-12.
For ligaments between openings, use the efficiency calculated by the rules given in UG-53.

(c) Cylindrical Shells. The minimum thickness or maximum allowable working pressure of cylindrical
shells shall be the greater thickness or lesser pressure as given by (1) or (2) below.
(1) Circumferential Stress (Longitudinal Joints).
When the thickness does not exceed one-half of the inside radius, or P does not exceed 0.385SE, the
following formulas shall apply:

(2) Longitudinal Stress (Circumferential Joints).16
When the thickness does not exceed one-half of the inside radius, or P does not exceed 1.25SE, the following formulas shall apply:

(d) Spherical Shells. When the thickness of the shell of a wholly spherical vessel does not exceed 0.356R,
or P does not exceed 0.665SE, the following formulas shall apply:

(e) When necessary, vessels shall be provided with stiffeners or other additional means of support to prevent overstress or large distortions under the external loadings listed in UG-22 other than pressure and temperature.

(f) A stayed jacket shell that extends completely around a cylindrical or spherical vessel shall also meet
the requirements of UG-47(c).

(g) Any reduction in thickness within a shell course or spherical shell shall be in accordance with UW-9.

I have been made some computer program to calculate minimum required thickness of cylindrical shell and Maximum Allowable Working Pressure (MAWP). Please see picture bellow.

This program is simple, you only input value on design data and then click calculate button, and the result in design calculation.
This program also can show and print the report of calculation, please see sample report bellow.

http://www.ziddu.com/download/5831004/PressureVesselShellCalculation.exe.html

WebCAm Software

I'm using camera application. I can webcast Ip video to view my site from anyplace.

With my new webcam software, I can run a streaming webcast of my apartment visible from the Internet. This opens up a number of possibilities, the surface of which has not even been scratched in today's world. I can use this webcast for surveillance purposes, allowing me to watch what's going on in my site at any time from a remote watching pc.
As long as I have the webcamera running and a remote station with Online access, I can watch the site. With the software and the webcam, I can change the settings to capture picture, sense movement (if I don't want to keep the webcam running at all times), or use a combination of a live feed and recorded video to realize a protection system that takes full benefit of new technology.
With a capture card, I can simply move relevant video and screenshots to use on any pc.
With sensitive data on my pc and precious stuff in my site, it only makes sense to have a security setup that I can monitor whenever I feel that my privacy is being compromised. If I owned a small company or lived with roommates, I couldn't imagine living without it.

Broadcasting online video and sound from capture card through web camera computer application

Security application

If you find yourself with a need to record security video with a webcamera over an area, camera computer software may be the right choice for you. Using this application, it is possible to set up a camera to detect motion and begin recording once it does.
Depending on your needs, the sights and sounds that are picked up by the camera may be stored on a hard drive, or if the captured video needs to be accessible off-site, can be webcast using the server's broadcasting function to a webpage.
Depending on the quality of the webcam and the viewer's video card, the picture that is recorded may be as clear as a high-definition tv signal. Using a install like this, it is possible to provide a measure of protection for an area while the economics of the situation do not justify hiring a security firm or setting up a professional monitoring system.
This do-it-yourself approach can save money while not compromising on protection.

New professional protection software works with any web camera, IP cameras, and major capture cards.

Surveillance software has become so complicated that the typical businessman who has been busy minding his office instead of pouring over electronics and ip technology articles can be easily overwhelmed when it comes time to setup or renew his security system.
Luckily, there is modern professional security application that simplifies much of the decision making. You don't necessarily have to get rid of a working analog CCTV system in order to update to a broadcasting video that can be watched from any ip connected computer or 3G phone. Video capture cards can digitally convert the snapshots for broadcast. Until yesterday, there had been no real attempts to standardize the new Internet cameras; every make and manufacturer functioned a little differently. And when you connect cameras into the join, using one application to control them all was unwieldy.
Professional security software is now accessible that will work for any webcamera or IP webcam and for most capture cards as well. You can monitor anything your movement sensors are picking up at your home or company while you can be half a globe away. The software itself may not be easy, but it can make life simpler for you.

Mechanical Calculations

Sunday, August 9, 2009

ELLIPSOIDAL HEAD THICKNESS CALCULATION ( PREVEDAS)

Wednesday, July 29, 2009

SHELL THICKNESS CALCULATION

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